Study on Spraying Process of Structural Fire Protection Layer

Sprayed inorganic fibers are an excellent material for fire protection, but their widespread use requires overcoming certain construction challenges. There are two main methods of spray application: wet spraying and dry injection. In wet spraying, inorganic fibers are mixed on-site with additives, adhesives, and water to create a paste-like mixture. This is then transported through a pipe using a mortar conveyor and sprayed onto the surface with compressed air. On the other hand, dry injection involves pre-mixing dry materials such as inorganic fibers, additives, and adhesives in a factory to form a ready-to-spray material. At the construction site, this material is delivered by a high-speed sprayer, and water or liquid is added at the nozzle before it is sprayed onto the surface.

One major advantage of dry spraying is that the lightweight nature of the dry material allows the piping system to reach higher and more distant areas easily. This results in higher construction efficiency. Additionally, since no material remains in the pipeline after use, there's no need for cleaning, which saves time and effort. In contrast, wet spraying involves a thick paste inside the pipe, making it heavier and harder to move. The increased resistance during transport requires more power, and the pressure on the pipe is higher. After construction, the wet paste must be cleaned out to prevent solidification, which could block the system and make it unusable later. To ensure the paste flows smoothly and prevents water from escaping, a precise formulation is essential. This makes dry spraying more efficient and practical compared to wet spraying. However, one challenge still remains—reducing dust during the dry jetting process.

The primary function of the fire protection layer is to safeguard the building structure, ultimately minimizing economic losses caused by fires. Our goal is to develop an affordable, durable, and effective fire protection solution with cost-efficient construction techniques. Our research into sprayed inorganic fiber fire protection technology includes developing a specialized spray machine, creating a formula for sprayable fiber materials, optimizing the production process, refining the spray application method, and evaluating the fire resistance performance of the protective layer. Significant progress has been made so far. We have successfully developed a formula for ejectable inorganic fibers, along with the necessary production processes and equipment. A dedicated dry spray machine has also been created, and the materials can now be produced in large quantities for engineering trials. Comprehensive testing of the fire resistance and physical-chemical properties of the coating is ongoing, alongside testing of the spraying technique. This product and its associated technology are expected to soon enter the market.

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