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Stone production equipment selection and knife saw equipment
In the stone processing industry, numerous factors influence the quality of the final product. These include the condition of mechanical equipment, the performance of saw blades, the material properties of the block, the processing techniques used, and the level of management. This article focuses on the issues associated with circular saw machinery.
First, the structure of the sawing machine is a critical factor. The current types of sawing machines in the stone industry can be categorized into three main types: single-column cantilever saws, double-column gantry saws, and four-column frame saws. Single-column cantilever saws are widely used due to their simple design and low cost. However, they have several limitations. For instance, the lifting stroke is limited by the sliding rail, typically within 800mm, which restricts the size of blocks that can be processed. Additionally, the cantilevered saw head creates a three-point stress system, leading to increased deformation and blade yaw. This results in higher chances of blade damage when multiple blades are used together.
Another issue is the stability of the trolley. The tracks on which the trolley moves need to be long and flat to ensure smooth operation. If the flatness is not maintained, the trolley may experience uneven movement, causing instability. Moreover, the wheels and bearings are prone to wear due to continuous use and exposure to stone dust, further affecting performance.
Double-column gantry saws, on the other hand, offer better stability because the trolley remains fixed during cutting. The saw head is mounted on a sliding box that moves along the beam, reducing the risk of instability. However, the cantilevered design still poses challenges, especially when multiple blades are used. The weight and length of the overhang increase the likelihood of deformation, which can affect the cutting accuracy and blade life.
Four-column frame saws are considered the most advanced type, particularly for large-scale operations. They feature a non-cantilevered cutter shaft with multiple support points, allowing for more blades to be installed without compromising stability. These machines are equipped with advanced control systems, enabling precise speed and depth adjustments. However, their high cost limits their accessibility to many users.
In addition to the structural aspects, proper maintenance and adjustment of the sawing machine are essential. The alignment of the cutter shaft must be checked regularly using a dial indicator to ensure it meets the required tolerances. The precision of the cutter shaft directly affects the installation accuracy of the saw blade. High-quality materials and proper heat treatment are also crucial to ensure durability and resistance to wear.
Saw blade installation and adjustment require careful attention. The mounting position of the blade must be correct to avoid misalignment and excessive vibration. The clearance between the blade and the shaft should be controlled to minimize eccentricity. Proper lubrication and cooling are necessary to prevent overheating and extend blade life.
Overall, the development of affordable and efficient multi-blade saws is an ongoing challenge for manufacturers. While advanced models offer superior performance, their high cost makes them less accessible to small-scale producers. Finding a balance between cost, efficiency, and quality remains a key goal in the industry. By addressing these issues, manufacturers can improve productivity and meet the growing demand for high-quality stone products.