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Five strokes to prevent high temperature vegetables
In the scorching summer, growing vegetables in open fields becomes more challenging due to the extreme heat. To safeguard crop yields and ensure profitability, it's essential to implement effective protective measures.
One approach is to construct a pergola over small vegetable plots. This can be done using trellises, branches, or grass mats to provide shade and lower temperatures. Another option is building a temporary small arch shed covered with shade nets. This method is particularly useful for crops like cabbage, celery, broccoli, and leafy greens, which are sensitive to high temperatures. The shade net not only reduces heat but also protects plants from intense sunlight.
Covering the ground with thin grass mats or straw after sowing can help retain moisture and keep the soil cool. Once about 60% of the seeds have sprouted, the covering should be removed gradually to avoid sun damage to young seedlings.
Increasing the number of leaves on vegetable plants can also help with shading. For example, when pruning tomatoes in summer, it's important to leave at least two layers of leaves above the top bud. Similarly, peppers should have two leaves left on the upper side branch before pinching. This practice helps protect the plant from overheating. Even watermelons grown outdoors in midsummer can benefit from being shaded with their own leaves, which helps keep them cool and prevents sunburn.
Irrigation is another key factor in summer vegetable cultivation. After watering, covering the field with wheat straw or dry soil can reduce evaporation and lower the soil temperature. Watering should be done early in the morning or late in the evening to minimize water loss. In case of heavy rain, it's crucial to drain excess water promptly to prevent root rot. After rainfall, using well water to irrigate the field can help cool the ground. Additionally, sprinkler irrigation not only cools the area but also increases air humidity, which benefits plant growth.
By implementing these strategies, farmers can better manage the challenges of summer vegetable farming and improve overall crop health and yield.