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An oven is an electrical appliance that uses a heating element to generate heat for various applications such as baking, drying, and heat treatment. It operates within a temperature range of 5 to 300°C (some models can go up to 200°C higher), with a typical temperature sensitivity of ±1°C. Although there are many different models available, the basic structure remains similar, typically consisting of three main components: the chamber, the heating system, and the automatic temperature control system.
To ensure safe and effective use, here are some important guidelines and precautions:
1. Place the oven indoors in a dry, level area to avoid vibration and corrosion. Make sure it is not near any flammable materials or in areas with high humidity.
2. Always follow proper electrical safety procedures. Ensure the power supply has sufficient capacity to handle the oven's power requirements. Use thick enough cables and make sure the oven is properly grounded to prevent electrical hazards.
3. For ovens equipped with an electric contact mercury thermometer thermostat, connect the two wires from the thermometer to the corresponding terminals on top of the unit. Insert a standard mercury thermometer into the exhaust valve to monitor the actual temperature inside the chamber. Open the exhaust valve, adjust the electric contact thermometer to the desired temperature, and secure the screw on the cap to maintain a stable temperature. Be careful not to move the indicator beyond the scale during adjustment.
4. Once everything is set up, place your sample inside the oven and then turn it on. The red light indicates that the oven is heating up. When the desired temperature is reached, the red light will turn off and the green light will come on, signaling that the oven is maintaining the set temperature. Even so, it’s advisable to keep an eye on it to prevent any unexpected failures.
5. Arrange samples carefully inside the oven. Avoid overcrowding and do not place items directly on the heat sink, as this may interfere with air circulation. Never put flammable, explosive, volatile, or corrosive substances inside the oven.
6. If you need to observe the sample during operation, open the outer door and look through the glass window. However, try to minimize opening the door to maintain a stable temperature. Especially when operating above 200°C, opening the door suddenly could cause the glass to crack due to thermal shock.
7. Some ovens are equipped with a blower fan. Make sure to turn it on during both heating and constant temperature phases. Failure to do so may result in uneven temperature distribution and potentially damage the heating elements.
8. After completing your work, always turn off the power supply to ensure safety and save energy.
9. Keep the interior and exterior of the oven clean. Regular maintenance helps extend its lifespan and ensures accurate performance.
10. Never exceed the maximum operating temperature specified by the manufacturer. Doing so can lead to equipment failure or even safety risks.
11. Always use appropriate tools when handling hot samples to avoid burns. Never touch internal components while the oven is in operation.
By following these guidelines, you can safely and efficiently use an oven for a variety of laboratory and industrial applications.
Oven introduction and summary of its use