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Reflections on the "National Standard" of Redwood due to the Price Increase of Redwood
In today's market, the term "mahogany furniture" is often used, but its origin can be traced back to China's light industry standard QB/T 2385-98. The official title of this standard is "Furniture - Dark and Precious Hardwood Furniture," commonly referred to as the "Standard." In the preface of the Standard, it states: "Dark and precious hardwood furniture, including redwood furniture as a part of it, has a long history and exquisite craftsmanship in China. It is considered a treasure. Considering historical evolution, national customs, and innovation, this standard requires that furniture must be named and labeled based on the main wood species used."
From this, we understand that "mahogany furniture" is just one category of "dark and precious hardwood furniture." It refers to furniture that is primarily made from specific wood species and is labeled accordingly. But what types of wood are considered suitable for being called "mahogany furniture"?
According to Appendix A of the Standard, the scope of "mahogany" includes species such as red sandalwood, yellow rosewood, rosewood, ebony, wenge, lignum vitae, ironwood, and others. Only furniture that mainly uses these wood species can be legally labeled as "mahogany furniture."
Dark hardwood furniture has a long tradition in China, especially during the Ming and Qing dynasties, when it played a significant role in global furniture history. As inheritors of Chinese culture, our mission is not just to repeat the past but to create new and even more remarkable achievements. Although the modern furniture industry still faces challenges in surpassing ancient craftsmanship, we should at least avoid making mistakes that future generations would find hard to justify.
The "Standard" for mahogany furniture (QB/T 2385-98) was published on May 14, 1998, and became effective on March 1, 1999. To date, it has not been revised, and no new standard has replaced it. This lag raises questions about its relevance. Moreover, the content of the Standard itself is questionable. It mandates that furniture must be labeled according to the primary wood species used, and lists specific types like rosewood and huanghua pear. However, there are other tree species with similar characteristics—such as beautiful grain patterns, hardness, density, and stability—that may not be included in the Standard. Are these also considered mahogany?
Additionally, many of the wood species listed in the Standard, such as red sandalwood and huanghua pear, are rare and grow slowly. They are even listed as protected species under the National List of Key Protected Wild Plants. This makes their use increasingly restricted.
On the current mahogany furniture market, consumer complaints have been rising. According to reports from the China Consumers Association, the pass rate for mahogany furniture is only around 40%. Most consumers lack the expertise to identify genuine materials, making it difficult to verify the authenticity of what they purchase. In disputes, there is no officially authorized appraisal agency in China, so test reports from research institutions often lack legal recognition.
This puts consumers at a disadvantage, increasing the difficulty of protecting their rights. Unscrupulous manufacturers exploit this by using cheaper or incorrect materials, which significantly affect product pricing. Additionally, moisture content is another common issue that leads to disputes. Controlling the moisture level of mahogany timber is challenging due to the complex drying processes required for many of the wood species listed in the Standard. For example, red sandalwood, due to its unique structure, is difficult to dry properly, and only a few manufacturers can manage it effectively.
China's diverse climate also complicates things. Different regions have varying humidity levels, leading to regional regulations on moisture content. If mahogany furniture isn't properly dried or doesn't meet local requirements, it can crack or warp during use. Furthermore, the manufacturing process plays a key role—whether handmade or machine-made, the quality and cost vary significantly. All these factors contribute to confusion in the market.
In conclusion, while mahogany furniture holds cultural and historical significance, the current standards and market practices leave much to be desired. Consumers need better protection, clearer labeling, and more reliable information to make informed choices. (Editor: Peter)