Pressure transducers are critical components used for measuring gasses or liquids in industrial, automotive, medical, and other industries. They are vital for maintaining the safety, efficiency, and performance of systems that rely on precise pressure control. In this article, we’re taking an in-depth look at the different types of pressure transducers, their working components, how they work in applications, and more. A pressure transducer is a critical device that measures pressure in gasses or liquids to give accurate and reliable pressure readings in applications. A common example of an application that relies on pressure transducers is the heart rate monitors used in doctors' offices. Pressure transducers (sometimes called a sensor pressure transducer, a pressure sensor transducer, or a pressure transmitter) convert pressure into an electrical or digital signal transmitted and read by other devices, such as controllers, computers, or displays A pressure sensor transducer typically works in a continuous state, meaning it is always sensing or measuring pressure when connected to a system and powered. Therefore, if the pressure changes in a system or application, the pressure transducer immediately detects the change. What does a transducer do, i.e., how does it sense the change? The pressure transducer sensor (i.e., the sensing element) translates the pressure into an electrical or mechanical signal, sending it to a display, controller, or data acquisition system. This process allows for real-time monitoring and control. It’s helpful to identify the working components of a pressure transducer to fully understand how it works. The sensing element is a core component of pressure transducers. It reacts to pressure changes, facilitating signal transmission within the pressure transducer. Sensing elements are typically made of silicon, metal, or ceramics. The following are the three most common types of sensing elements used. When the sensing element reacts and is deformed, it produces a small signal that needs to be amplified by the pressure transducer’s signal conditioning circuitry (i.e., amplifiers, filters, and analog-to-digital converters) to produce a usable output signal. The pressure transducer’s processed signal (typically voltage, current, etc.) is sent through the output signal interface, translating it into a format that other systems can use for monitoring or control. There are many types, so exploring each can be timely. Therefore, this section will detail types of pressure transducers using two main categories: the type of pressure measurement they make (i.e., pressure measurement) and the technology or mechanism the transducer uses to measure pressure (i.e., sensing technology). Pressure transducers use three main measurement modes: absolute, differential, and gauge. These pressure transducers measure pressure relative to a perfect vacuum. Therefore, the reference point is zero (i.e., a vacuum), with one side of the sensor exposed to the medium to be measured and the other sealed to create a vacuum. For example, absolute pressure transducers are used in aircraft altimeters to measure atmospheric pressure relative to a vacuum. As altitude increases, the atmospheric pressure decreases—and by measuring this pressure, the altimeter calculates the aircraft's altitude. A differential pressure sensor measures the difference between two pressures. Thus, the pressure difference causes a change in the capacitance, which is measured. Differential pressure transducers are essential in applications that require the measurement of pressure differences, like monitoring filters in water treatment plants or measuring fluid flow rates in industrial processes. A gauge sensor pressure transducer measures pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. Therefore, one side connects to the system, and the other opens or vents to the atmosphere. Gauge pressure transducers are common in applications where pressure relative to atmospheric pressure is important, like tire pressure monitoring and HVAC systems. Pressure transducers use various sensing technologies, including capacitive, strain gauge-based, and piezoelectric. Capacitive pressure transducers convert pressure into an electrical signal by measuring changes in capacitance. Therefore, when pressure is applied, the diaphragm moves and changes the capacitance, which is measured and converted into a pressure reading. These types of pressure transducers are common in industrial equipment using hydraulic systems and high-pressure testing. This type of pressure transducer measures the pressure of fluids and gasses using strain gauges attached to the diaphragm. The diaphragm deforms when pressure is applied, causing a change in the electrical resistance of the strain gauges, which is then measured and converted into a pressure reading. Strain gauge pressure transducers are also commonly used in hydraulic systems for industrial machinery. These pressure transducers use piezoelectric materials, like quartz, that generate an electrical charge on the surface when pressure is applied. The amount of charge it produces is directly proportional to the amount of pressure applied. Therefore, the stronger the pressure, the more electrical charge is generated. Piezoelectric pressure transducers are used to monitor pressure changes caused by vibrations in jet engines, which helps assess engine performance and detect potential issues. Peerless Electronics is an authorized stocking distributor for many leading manufacturers and suppliers within the military, aerospace, industrial, transportation, and medical sectors. We stock high-quality pressure transducers from respected manufacturers like Danfoss, Inc. and Honeywell AST. Every Peerless purchase includes over 50 Value-Added Services designed to save time, maintain workflow, and lower costs. The workshop is a place to stand and work for long periods of time, so the use of anti-fatigue MATS is very important for the health and productivity of employees. 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How Does a Pressure Transducer Work?
Key Components of a Pressure Transducer
Sensing Element
Amplifier
Output Signal
Types of Pressure Transducers
Pressure Measurement
Absolute Pressure Transducers
Differential Pressure Transducers
Gauge Pressure Transducers
Sensing Technology
Capacitive Pressure Transducers
Strain Gauge Pressure Transducers
Piezoelectric Pressure Transducers
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Pressure Transducers – Types, Applications, and How They Work